However, the results of epidemiologic data obtained mainly from comparative studies and cohorts, have concluded that the role and size (<6 cm) of ovary cysts in infertility is controversial. They tend to have difficulty conceiving owing to ovulatory dysfunction as well as poor oocyte quality and endometrial receptivity. Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is a common ovulatory disorder, and patients with this diagnosis are often obese and oligomenorrheic. Ovarian ageing causes a progressive loss of the finite pool of primordial follicles and a decrease in the quality of oocytes, mainly because of the accumulation of chromosomal abnormalities. A woman's fecundability reaches a peak in her late‐twenties and decreases with advancing age, with a more rapid decline after her mid‐thirties.
Anovulation and oligo‐ovulation lead to infertility because an oocyte is not available every month for fertilization. This report also pointed that kidney deficiency syndrome was positively correlated with yin deficiency and yang deficiency constitution, blood stasis syndrome was positively associated with blood stasis and yang deficiency constitution, and liver stagnation syndrome was positively correlated with phlegm damp and damp heat constitution.Ī history of regular menses with molimina (breast tenderness, bloating, cramping, mood changes) is suggestive of ovulation in the majority (95%) of women. A report showed that the constitution ratio of yang deficiency, phlegm damp, and yin deficiency was 29.5, 20.0, and 21.0%, respectively, in sterility patients. Constitution has a great effect on the syndrome patterns of many diseases including infertility. Īccording to the theory of traditional Chinese medicine, syndromes of female infertility can be classified as the following: kidney deficiency, stagnation of liver qi, static blood blocking in uterine, and accumulation of phlegm‐wetness in the body. The causes of male infertility include environmental disruptors, genetic defects, physiological and endocrine failure, and testicular pathologies. Male factor infertility affects around 30–55% of all couples and is the most difficult form of infertility to treat. Among distinguishable female factors, which are responsible for 81% of female infertility, the most common are ovulatory disorders (25%), endometriosis (15%), pelvic adhesions (12%), tubal blockage (11%), other tubal abnormalities (11%), and hyperprolactinemia (7%). The etiology of infertility can be broadly classified into female‐ and male‐related factors. Around 15% of couples have difficulty conceiving.
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